Nigiri Pipit

The Nilgiri Pipit (Anthus nilghiriensis) is a rare and endangered bird species endemic to the high-altitude grasslands of the Western Ghats in southern India. Found primarily in the Nilgiri Hills, Anamalai Hills, and Eravikulam Plateau, this small brown pipit is uniquely adapted to the montane grassland ecosystem, which is rapidly disappearing due to human encroachment and habitat degradation. Measuring about 15 cm in length, the Nilgiri Pipit has streaked brown upperparts, buff underparts with fine markings, and a slender, pointed bill typical of insectivorous birds. It forages mainly on the ground, feeding on small insects and invertebrates, and is most active in the early mornings. Known for its soft “tsip-tsip” calls and its preference for open grassy slopes interspersed with shola forest patches, the Nilgiri Pipit is an important indicator of the health of this unique ecosystem. Its restricted range and declining population have led to its classification as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, making its conservation a priority for preserving the biodiversity of the Western Ghats.

Last updated: June 22, 2025